The placement of adjectives in Italian plays a crucial role in determining the meaning  of a sentence.

The placement of adjectives in Italian plays a crucial role in determining the meaning&nbsp;of a sentence. Unlike English, where adjectives are typically placed before the noun and&nbsp;do not significantly alter their meaning, Italian adjectives can shift between pre nominal (before the noun) and post-nominal (after the noun) positions, often resulting&nbsp;in a substantial change in interpretation.&nbsp;Today we will explore:&nbsp; 1. Why adjective placement matters in Italian&nbsp;&nbsp;2. Common adjectives that change meaning based on position&nbsp;&nbsp;3. Special adjectives like bello, grande, buono, santo and how they change form Are you ready? Let’s dive in! <h3>1. Why adjective placement matters in Italian&nbsp;</h3> In Italian, adjective placement can completely change the meaning of a sentence. For example:&nbsp;&nbsp;• un vecchio amico = a long-time friend&nbsp;• un amico vecchio = a friend who is old&nbsp; Did you notice the difference? The adjective before the noun often has a figurative or&nbsp;subjective meaning, while the adjective after the noun describes a literal quality. Let’s look at more examples!&nbsp; <h3>2. Common adjectives that change meaning based on position&nbsp;</h3>• Vecchio (old)&nbsp;-un vecchio amico → a longtime friend (figurative meaning)&nbsp;-un amico vecchio → a friend who is old (literal meaning)&nbsp; • Grande (big, great)&nbsp;- una grande città → an important/great city&nbsp;- una città grande → a physically large city&nbsp; • Povero (poor)&nbsp;- un povero uomo → a man who is unfortunate&nbsp;- un uomo povero → a man who is financially poor&nbsp; • Certo (certain, particular)&nbsp;- una certa risposta → a particular answer&nbsp;- una risposta certa → a sure/certain answerThese small differences can make a huge impact on what you are actually saying!&nbsp; <h3>3. Special adjectives like bello, grande, buono, santo and how they&nbsp;change form&nbsp;&nbsp;</h3>In Italian, some adjectives change their form depending on the first letter of the noun&nbsp;they describe. This happens to adjectives like bello (beautiful), grande (big/great),&nbsp;buono (good), and santo (saint/holy).&nbsp; Bello (beautiful)&nbsp;The adjective bello follows the same pattern as definite articles (il, lo, gli), changing its&nbsp;form depending on the noun’s initial letter.&nbsp;• un bel quadro (a beautiful painting)&nbsp;• un bello zaino (a beautiful backpack) → Before nouns starting with&nbsp;s+consonant, z, y, gn, x&nbsp; Grande (big, great)&nbsp;The adjective grande generally remains unchanged when describing singular nouns. But&nbsp;before masculine singular nouns starting with a consonant - excluding the special&nbsp;cases like s+consonant, z, y, gn, x - and to make it flow better, grande is shortened to&nbsp;gran.&nbsp;• un gran libro (a great book) → Before masculine singular nouns starting with a&nbsp;consonant (except s+consonant, z, y, gn, x)&nbsp;• un grande uomo (a great man)&nbsp;• un grande studente (a great student) Buono (good)&nbsp;Buono follows a similar pattern to bello, changing based on the initial letter of the noun&nbsp;it modifies. When buono is used before a masculine singular noun starting with a vowel&nbsp;or most consonants, it is shortened to buon.&nbsp;• un buon amico (a good friend)&nbsp;• un buono studente (a good student) → Before s+consonant, z, y, gn, x&nbsp; Santo (saint, holy)&nbsp;Santo also changes based on the noun it precedes. When it comes before a masculine&nbsp;singular proper noun that starts with a consonant (including most names), it is&nbsp;shortened to San. However, when santo comes before masculine singular proper&nbsp;nouns starting with s + consonant, santo keeps its full form.&nbsp;• San Pietro (Saint Peter) → Before most masculine singular names • Santo Stefano (Saint Stephen) → Before masculine singular names starting&nbsp;with s+consonant&nbsp;Learning these patterns will definitely make your Italian sound much more natural.&nbsp; That is all for today’s lesson!&nbsp; I hope this article has clarified some of your doubts regarding the adjective placement&nbsp;in Italian.&nbsp;Indeed, adjective placement in Italian is not arbitrary; rather, it is a key syntactic and&nbsp;semantic feature that significantly alters sentence meaning. Understanding these&nbsp;distinctions is essential for learners striving for fluency and precision in Italian. By mastering both placement rules and morphological changes, you can enhance&nbsp;their linguistic competence and express subtle nuances with greater accuracy. Of course, if you have any questions or other topics you would like me to cover, let me&nbsp;know in the comments below.&nbsp;Thank you for reading this article!&nbsp; If you want to learn more about me, feel free to check out my profile. Ciao!&nbsp;

The Role of Adjective Placement in Italian

CEFR Level: A2-B1 | Reading Time: 5-7 minutes

Awkward moments happen. That’s normal. But when you’re learning English, they can feel worse. Maybe you forget a word. Maybe you don’t understand what someone said. Maybe you speak at the wrong time. This article gives you simple ways to handle those moments. It also shows you what to say and how to stay calm. Knowing how to respond during uncomfortable situations will help you speak more confidently and keep the conversation going. These tips are useful in daily life, in the classroom, at work, and even online. <h3>1. When You Forget a Word</h3>You’re talking, then your brain goes blank. You know the meaning, but you can’t remember the word. Don’t panic. Try saying:-“Let me think for a second.”-“How can I say this?”-“It’s a kind of...”-“You use it to...”-“What’s the word for...?”These phrases show you’re still speaking, and they give you time to find your words. You can also describe the thing until someone guesses it. For example: “It’s something you use to clean the floor... it makes noise... ah! A vacuum!”It’s helpful to practice paraphrasing—saying the same idea in a different way. This is a great skill for communication in any language. <h3>2. When You Don’t Understand</h3>Not understanding is normal. You might not catch a word, a whole sentence, or even the point of what someone is saying. Don’t pretend. Ask for help. Try:-“Sorry?” (say it with a polite tone)-“I didn’t catch that. Can you say it again?”-“What does [word] mean?”-“Can you explain that?”It’s also okay to ask someone to slow down: “Could you speak a bit more slowly, please?”Being honest helps the conversation. Most people are glad to explain. <h3>3. When You Interrupt Someone</h3>Sometimes you speak too soon. Or maybe there was a delay on a call. If you interrupt someone by accident, it’s okay. Just say:-“Sorry to interrupt.”-“Can I add something?”-“May I say something quickly?”And if you realise you spoke over someone:-“Oh, sorry—go ahead.”-“I didn’t mean to cut you off.”Being polite and calm helps keep the conversation smooth. <h3>4. When There’s a Long Pause</h3>A pause in conversation can feel awkward. But silence is normal. People pause to think. If you need time to find your words, try using small fillers:-“Um...”-“Well...”-“Let me think...”-“That’s a good question.”These phrases show you’re still engaged. They give your brain time to work. Practise using them naturally in your speaking. <h3>5. In Online Classes or Calls</h3>Online conversations have their own awkward moments. The sound might cut out. Someone might freeze. You or the other person might forget to unmute.If it’s the other person:-“I think you’re on mute.”-“Your sound is cutting out.”-“Can you repeat that?”If it’s you:-“Sorry, I was on mute.”-“Let me say that again.”-“I lost connection for a moment.”These phrases are simple and clear. Use a calm tone. Everyone has tech issues sometimes. <h3>6. When You Don’t Get the Joke</h3>Humour is tricky in another language. You might not understand a joke, a pun, or an idiom. That’s okay. You can ask:-“I didn’t get that. What does it mean?”-That’s a new one for me. Can you explain it?”You can also say, “I think I missed the joke. Can you tell me again?” People often enjoy explaining and sharing phrases.When you understand, repeat the idiom or joke to practise using it later. <h3>7. Sound More Natural</h3>English speakers—especially in the UK—often use soft language. This means they try not to sound too direct.To sound more natural:-Add “just”: “I just wanted to ask...”-Use past tense politely: “I was wondering if...”-Use modal verbs: “Could you help me?” instead of “Help me.”Also:-Say “please,” “thank you,” and “sorry” often.-Smile and use a soft tone when possible.These small changes make a big difference. They help you sound friendly and respectful. <h3>8. Don’t Panic</h3>Everyone makes mistakes. That includes native speakers. The most important thing is to keep going. Here’s what you can do:-Take a breath.-Say: “Oops, that’s not right” or “Let me try again.”-Laugh a little if it helps.-Focus on what you want to say. Don’t worry about being perfect. Good communication is about connection, not perfection.If you keep speaking, listening, and learning, awkward moments will happen less often—and you’ll know how to handle them better when they do. <h3>9. Practise Before You Need It</h3>You don’t need to wait for an awkward moment to practise. Try these ideas:-Write down some of your favourite phrases from this article.-Practise them out loud.-Use them in your lessons or language exchanges.-Role-play with a friend: pretend you forgot a word or didn’t understand something.The more you practise now, the easier it will feel later. Awkward moments are part of learning. But they don’t have to stop you. You can stay calm, use simple phrases, and keep the conversation going. Pick one situation from this article and practise the phrases. Then try another. Bit by bit, you’ll feel more confident—even when things get uncomfortable.

English for Awkward Moments: What to Say When You Don’t Know What to Say

When you start working in an English-speaking business environment, you may find that people often use words and expressions that aren’t taught in textbooks. These words are called business jargon and idioms. They are informal or figurative ways of speaking, and they can be confusing—even for native speakers! As an ESL&nbsp;learner, understanding business jargon and idioms is important. It helps you communicate more naturally, understand meetings, and feel more confident in professional situations. In this article, we will explore what these terms mean, why they are used, and go through common examples with easy-to-understand explanations. <h3>What is Business Jargon?</h3>Business jargon refers to technical or trendy words and phrases used in the workplace. These are often used in specific industries or departments and might sound impressive but can be confusing if you don’t know what they mean. Examples of Business Jargon:-Leverage – Use something to your advantage. “We need to leverage our partnerships to grow faster.”-Synergy – When different departments or people work together and the result is better than working alone. “There’s great synergy between marketing and sales.”-Touch base – Contact someone to check in or discuss something. “Let’s touch base next week to go over the proposal.”-Bandwidth – Time or mental capacity to handle more work. “I don’t have the bandwidth to take on another project right now.”-Circle back – Return to a topic later. “Let’s circle back to this issue after lunch.”These phrases may sound strange at first, but they are commonly used in emails, meetings, and presentations. <h3>What is a Business Idiom?</h3>An idiom is a phrase where the meaning is different from the literal definition of the words. For example, “break the ice” doesn’t mean physically breaking ice—it means starting a conversation in a friendly way.Common Business Idioms:-Break the ice – Start a conversation in a relaxed way. “The manager told a joke to break the ice at the meeting.”-Think outside the box – Be creative and look for new ideas. “We need to think outside the box to solve this problem.”-Get the ball rolling – Start a process or activity. “Let’s get the ball rolling on this project today.”-Back to the drawing board – Start again because the first attempt failed. “The client didn’t like the design, so it’s back to the drawing board.”-Hit the ground running – Start working quickly and effectively. “We need someone who can hit the ground running in this role.”These idioms help make speech more colorful and natural, but they require practice and context to understand properly. <h3>Why Are Jargon and Idioms Used in Business?</h3>Many professionals use jargon and idioms to:-Sound professional or modern-Save time with common phrases-Create team identity or bonding-Add humor or style to communicationHowever, too much jargon can be confusing, even for native speakers. That’s why it’s okay to ask questions or request clarification if you’re unsure. <h3>Tips for ESL Learners to Understand and Use Business Jargon and Idioms</h3>1. Listen and Read RegularlyWatch business videos (like TED Talks), attend meetings, or listen to podcasts in English. Read business blogs, news, or LinkedIn posts. These materials often use natural, real-world language.2. Keep a Business Idioms JournalEvery time you hear or read a new phrase, write it down. Note the meaning, context, and an example sentence. Review the list regularly.3. Ask for ClarificationIf a colleague says something you don’t understand, don’t be afraid to ask:<ul><li>“Sorry, what does ‘circle back’ mean?”</li><li>“Can you explain what you meant by ‘low-hanging fruit’?”</li></ul>Most people are happy to explain.4. Practice Using ThemTry to include one or two new idioms in your next email, meeting, or conversation. Start small, and soon they will become natural.5. Learn in ContextIdioms often depend on tone or situation. Watching videos or reading stories that include business conversations will help you understand when and how to use them. <h3>More Business Jargon and Idioms to Know</h3><img src="https://ofs-cdn.italki.com/u/internal/galaxy/message/d08rtdmsj5i8o8bn7cfg.png"> <h3>What to Avoid</h3>While it’s useful to understand jargon and idioms, be careful not to:-Overuse them – Too many can sound unnatural or forced.-Use them without understanding – Always know the meaning before using.-Use them in formal writing – Avoid in formal reports or legal documents unless it’s a quote or part of speech. Understanding business jargon and idioms is an important skill for ESL learners who want to succeed in English-speaking workplaces. These expressions help you connect with colleagues, follow meetings, and express yourself more naturally. Don’t worry if they seem confusing at first—like any part of language, they become easier with time and practice. Start small, keep a journal, ask questions, and slowly incorporate these phrases into your business English conversations. Remember, learning business English isn’t just about grammar and vocabulary—it’s also about understanding the culture, tone, and expressions used every day in the workplace. Ready to “get the ball rolling”? Start by choosing three idioms from this article and try using them in your next conversation or email!

Understanding Business Jargon and Idioms

In this article, I'll discuss a few points about what it's like to live in Portugal, such as the cost of living, climate, gastronomy, and others. Come and find out a bit about Portugal!

In this article, I'll discuss a few points about what it's like to live in Portugal, such as the cost of living, climate, gastronomy, and others. Come and find out a bit about Portugal! <h3>Pleasant climate</h3>The climate in Portugal is quite varied, with different characteristics depending on the region of the country. In general terms, Portugal has a Mediterranean climate in the coastal areas and a more continental climate in the inland regions. But don't be fooled if you think it doesn't get cold in Portugal. Many houses don't have any kind of heating and it can be rather expensive to install heating and it’s also possible to see snow in Portugal.&nbsp;How do you choose where to live or spend your holidays? Winters: Winters in coastal areas, such as Lisbon and Porto, are generally mild and rainy, with temperatures ranging from 8°C to 15°C. If you don't like rain, traveling in winter or living in these cities may not be the best choice. Summers: Summers are hot and dry, and average temperatures can range from 25°C to 35°C in the lower areas close to the sea, such as Lisbon and the Algarve. In the Algarve regions, temperatures can easily exceed 40°C during heatwaves, especially in July and August. The Algarve is a favorite destination for many immigrants due to its climate.Alentejo, Trás-os-Montes , and Beiras are special regions with greater variations in temperature between summer and winter. Winters: Winters in the interior of Portugal are colder and harsher, with temperatures that can drop below 0°C in some regions, especially in the mountains or higher inland areas. Frosts are common and snow can fall in the higher areas. Summers: Summer in the interior is extremely hot and dry, with temperatures often exceeding 35°C, and can reach 40°C on the hottest days. Nights, however, tend to be cooler compared to the coastal area.On the islands, the climate is very special. Madeira: Madeira's climate is subtropical, with mild temperatures all year round. Temperatures vary between 15°C and 22°C in winter and 20°C to 28°C in summer. The island has a mild climate, with a good amount of rainfall throughout the year, especially in the mountainous areas. The vegetation is lush due to the humidity and mild temperatures. Azores: The climate in the Azores is temperate oceanic, with mild temperatures throughout the year. In winter, average temperatures are between 12°C and 17°C, while in summer they range from 18°C to 25°C. The Azores are known for their high rainfall, with frequent rains throughout the year, which results in very green and lush vegetation. Humidity is high, and the climate can be variable, with rapidly changing weather. <h3>Cost of Living</h3>Lisbon, the capital of Portugal, has become one of the most expensive cities in the world when analyzing the cost of living in relation to income. If your salary comes from another country, the cost of living can be totally different. The average price for renting a one-bedroom house in Lisbon can cost between 900€ and 1,300€ per month. A two-bedroom flat can cost between €1,300 and €2,000 per month. 3 or more bedrooms (in more central or good areas): rents can range from €2,000 to €3,500 or even more, depending on the location and condition of the property. For those interested in buying a one-bedroom flat, the price can range from €150,000 to €250,000, while a three-bedroom flat can range from €450,000 to €800,000 or more, especially in more central or prestigious areas. But as we often say, it's not all Lisbon and there are much more affordable cities. In Braga, for example, you can find a one-bedroom house for between 500 and 700 euros. Other cities include Coimbra, Viseu, Aveiro, Funchal (Madeira), Leiria, Évora, Ponta Delgada (Azores), Castelo Branco and Guarda. They have much lower living costs compared to Lisbon and Porto and are great alternatives with various services for society. <h3>Natural beauty</h3>Portugal is a country with a great diversity of landscapes: beaches, mountains, countryside, vineyards, and historic towns. Nature is accessible to those who want to go hiking, surfing, boating,g and much more. Whether you like the beach or nature, Portugal is the ideal destination for you. You can have the best of both worlds in just one country. <h3>Culture and History</h3>Portugal has a rich cultural and historical heritage. Cities like Lisbon, Porto, and Sintra offer an immersion in history, architecture, art, and cuisine. In addition, traditional festivals such as Fado and popular festivals are a highlight. But don't worry. The vast majority of cities and regions always have something to see, so wherever you go you'll always have something to see or get to know. <h3>Gastronomy</h3>Portugal ranked number 5 in the world's best gastronomy in 2025.Portuguese gastronomy is a reflection of Portugal's history, geography and cultural traditions, and is characterised by a great diversity of dishes and flavours. Influenced by Mediterranean cuisine, Portuguese cuisine is known for its use of fresh, seasonal ingredients such as fish, seafood, meat, vegetables, olive oil, spices and herbs. Portuguese gastronomy is extremely rich and varied, from fish to meat to soups and of course the deserts. <h3>Health system</h3>Health care in Portugal is guaranteed by the National Health Service (SNS), which was created in 1979 and is responsible for most of the country's medical and hospital care. All Portuguese citizens and legal residents have the right to healthcare, with controlled costs or free in many cases, depending on the situation. Portugal has public and private hospitals offering a range of specialised treatments and services, with the SNS covering hospital costs for the most part. There are health centers all over the country that offer basic healthcare, such as general and family medicine consultations, nursing services, and disease screening. According to Euro Health Consumer Index by Country 2025 Portugal is in 13th place.&nbsp; Although the SNS covers most healthcare, the private sector is also very present, with many Portuguese opting for private health insurance to access faster or more specific care. Around 3M people in Portugal have health insurance, which allows them to go private without having to pay the full amount.&nbsp; <h3>Some of the challenges facing the health system in Portugal:&nbsp;</h3>Lack of health professionals, especially doctors and nurses in some remote areas. Waiting times: Some patients, especially those who need appointments with specialists, can face long waiting times. Financial sustainability: The increase in the elderly population and the pressure on health services require continuous reforms in the financing and organization of health care. <h3>Education</h3>Education in Portugal is highly valued and has undergone several changes over the years, with the aim of modernising and aligning itself with the needs of the contemporary world. The Portuguese education system is public and “free” for citizens, which makes it accessible to a large part of the population. As well as having a public and private education system, depending on your tastes and wallet, Portugal has some well-known universities in Europe. The University of Coimbra is one of the oldest in Europe and in 2013 was recognised by UNESCO as a World Heritage Site. Founded in Lisbon by King Dinis in 1290, it was definitively transferred to Coimbra in 1537, occupying the Paço Real buildings. The University of Lisbon comes 28th in the European ranking of the best universities.&nbsp; <h3>Fees and Taxes</h3>In Portugal we have a number of taxes and the main category ones are: Income Tax, Consumption Tax (Standard Rate: 23%, Intermediate Rate: 13% and Reduced Rate: 6%), Petroleum Products Tax, Property Tax, Special Consumption Tax, Administrative Fees, and Social Security Contributions. <h3>Ease of Retirement</h3>Portugal is a popular destination for retirees, mainly due to its pleasant climate, affordable cost of living, and tax benefits, such as exemptions for foreign retirees in some situations. <h3>Strategic Position</h3>Portugal is very well located for traveling, whether to explore the rest of Europe or to more distant destinations. Lisbon Airport, for example, has connections to practically every continent. As it is located in Europe, it is possible to travel very cheaply to other European countries.

What it's like to live in Portugal

Let’s be honest—disagreements at work are basically unavoidable. Different ideas, different styles, different ways of getting things done... it’s kind of the nature of working with other people. But what is avoidable is letting those disagreements turn into full-blown drama. And for English le

Let’s be honest—disagreements at work are basically unavoidable. Different ideas, different styles, different ways of getting things done... it’s kind of the nature of working with other people. But what is avoidable is letting those disagreements turn into full-blown drama. And for English learners, the challenge isn’t just what you say—it’s how you say it.That’s where things get a little tricky, right?Let’s talk about how to express disagreement, give feedback, and deal with conflict at work—in English—without sounding rude, cold, or like you’re starting a fight. <h3>So, what’s the big deal about disagreeing?</h3>You’d think saying “I don’t agree” would be simple. But tone, phrasing, and culture all play a huge role—especially in English-speaking workplaces where how you communicate can affect your relationships just as much as what you’re saying.And here's the thing: in many professional settings, being too direct can come across as aggressive—even if you didn’t mean it that way. So if you’re translating directly from your native language, that can lead to misunderstandings fast.Let’s say your coworker suggests using a software tool that you know doesn’t work well. You want to say “That’s a bad idea”—but maybe that sounds too harsh. So what do you say instead? <h3>“I see your point, but…”</h3>This little phrase is a game-changer.“I see your point, but…” is like a soft cushion for your disagreement. You’re saying, “Hey, I heard you—I respect that—but I’ve got a different take.” It keeps the door open for conversation instead of shutting it with a flat “no.”You could say:-“I see your point, but I think we might run into some issues with compatibility.”-“I totally get where you're coming from, but have you considered how that might affect the timeline?”Notice the difference? You’re not dismissing their idea—you’re adding a perspective. <h3>“Can we look at this from another angle?”</h3>This one’s a little sneakier, in the best way.Instead of disagreeing directly, you’re inviting curiosity. You’re basically saying, “Hey, let’s zoom out for a second.” It’s especially helpful in meetings where you don’t want to challenge someone in front of others—but you do want to question the direction.For example:-“Can we look at this from another angle? What happens if we hit that deadline early?”-“I’m just thinking out loud here, but could we approach this differently?”It keeps things collaborative, not confrontational. Plus, it shows that you’re thinking critically—huge plus in most workplaces. <h3>“I think we may have misunderstood each other.”</h3>Now this one? It’s a lifesaver when things start feeling tense. If you sense the conversation is getting emotional, or someone’s getting defensive, this phrase can pull things back into neutral.It also puts the responsibility on both people. You’re not blaming anyone; you’re saying, “Let’s reset.”Try something like:-“Sorry, I think we may have misunderstood each other—I wasn’t saying we shouldn’t do it, just that we might want to test it first.”-“Wait, I think something got lost there. I actually agree with your main idea—I was just questioning the budget part.”Tone of voice really matters here. Keep it calm, maybe even light. You’re not admitting fault; you’re just inviting clarity. <h3>Feedback: The delicate art of telling someone they messed up (nicely)</h3>Alright, let’s talk about feedback. Giving it. Getting it. Not freaking out about it.In many English-speaking workplaces—especially in the U.S., U.K., and parts of Canada—feedback is supposed to be constructive, not personal. Still, for learners, it can feel super awkward.You want to say, “This report was really disorganized”—but that could sound harsh or insulting. So what do you say?Here are a few softer ways to give feedback:-“One thing that might help is organizing the sections a bit more clearly.”-“It might be worth double-checking the numbers in that second graph—just to be sure.”-“You’ve got a solid start here. Maybe we can tighten up the intro a bit?”See how those sound more like suggestions than criticism? That’s the sweet spot.Also, when receiving feedback—try to treat it like a tool, not an attack. Easier said than done, but seriously, the ability to say “Thanks, I’ll take a look at that” instead of getting defensive? That’s professional gold. <h3>The emotional side of conflict: It’s not just about language</h3>Let’s not pretend this is just about grammar or phrasing. Conflict—especially at work—can feel personal. Maybe your idea got shot down. Maybe someone misunderstood you, and now things are awkward. That stuff sticks.And when you’re not communicating in your first language? That stress can double.So here’s a quick emotional check-in:-Breathe. Sounds obvious, but when emotions spike, so does your speech. Slowing down helps both your brain and your English.-Clarify. If you’re not sure what someone meant, ask. “Sorry, do you mean X or Y?” Simple, powerful.-Pause before reacting. Even a short “Let me think about that” gives you time to respond calmly.-Use empathy phrases. Things like “I understand why that might be frustrating” or “That makes sense” help reduce tension.Sometimes just showing that you're trying to understand is enough to change the tone of the whole conversation. <h3>Quick aside: Culture matters—a lot</h3>One last thing. Work culture around conflict changes from place to place. In some countries, disagreement is expected and even encouraged—debating ideas is seen as healthy. In others, people may avoid conflict entirely, even if they strongly disagree.So if you're working in an international environment (or just adjusting to a new culture), don't beat yourself up if things feel awkward at first. You'll learn the rhythm over time. And hey—just being aware of that is already a huge step forward. <h3>Wrapping up: Keep it human</h3>Disagreeing at work doesn’t have to be scary. It’s just part of being human—and part of being a team. The trick is learning to communicate with clarity and kindness.So next time you're stuck in a meeting, unsure how to express your opinion, remember:-You can disagree and still be respectful.Phrases like “I see your point, but…” or “Can we look at this another way?” can open doors instead of closing them.-Feedback doesn’t have to hurt—and receiving it doesn’t mean you failed.-And no, you don’t have to be perfect. Just thoughtful.Because really, good communication isn’t just about language. It’s about connection. And that? That’s something we’re all still working on.

Conflict at Work: How to Handle Disagreements in English

This article explores the essential strategies for both giving and receiving constructive feedback in the workplace, ensuring that the feedback process leads to positive outcomes for everyone involved.

In today’s fast-paced and interconnected work environment, constructive feedback is one of the most important tools for personal and professional growth. Whether you’re a manager offering guidance to your team or an employee looking to improve your performance, giving and receiving feedback effectively can make all the difference. However, providing feedback in a way that promotes improvement rather than defensiveness, and receiving it with an open mind, requires careful communication skills and a strategic approach. This article explores the essential strategies for both giving and receiving constructive feedback in the workplace, ensuring that the feedback process leads to positive outcomes for everyone involved. <h3>The Importance of Constructive Feedback in the Workplace</h3>Constructive feedback is essential for fostering a culture of continuous improvement, accountability, and growth. It helps employees understand what they are doing well and where they need to improve. When done correctly, it promotes transparency and open communication, enabling teams to work more effectively and cohesively. In contrast to destructive feedback, which focuses on criticism without offering solutions, constructive feedback provides specific, actionable insights that help individuals improve their performance. It is future-focused, positive, and encourages self-reflection and personal development. <h3>1. Strategies for Giving Constructive Feedback</h3>Giving feedback can be tricky, especially if you’re addressing areas that need improvement. However, using a thoughtful and structured approach can make the process easier and more effective. 1.1. Focus on Specific Behaviors, Not PersonalitiesWhen providing feedback, focus on specific behaviors or actions rather than making it personal. This helps to avoid triggering defensive reactions. Instead of saying, “You’re not good at communicating,” focus on the specific instance: “In yesterday’s meeting, I noticed that the message was unclear to the team, and it might have led to confusion.”This approach allows the recipient to focus on the issue rather than feeling personally attacked. 1.2. Use the “Feedback Sandwich” MethodThe “feedback sandwich” is a popular technique for delivering constructive feedback. It involves starting with positive feedback, addressing the areas that need improvement, and ending with another positive comment. This structure helps ease the recipient into the feedback process and ensures that the conversation feels balanced.For example:-Positive: “Your report was very thorough and provided a lot of valuable data.”-Constructive: “However, I noticed that the presentation was a bit disorganized, which made it harder for the team to follow.”-Positive: “I’m confident that with some clearer structuring, your presentations will be even more effective.”By framing the constructive feedback within two positives, you reduce the likelihood of the person feeling criticized. 1.3. Be TimelyFor feedback to be effective, it must be delivered in a timely manner. Don’t wait weeks or months to address an issue. The longer you wait, the less relevant the feedback becomes, and the harder it is for the person to apply it. Whenever possible, give feedback shortly after the event or behavior that prompted it, while it’s still fresh in everyone’s minds.However, avoid giving feedback in the heat of the moment when emotions might still be high. Take time to cool off and approach the situation calmly and professionally. 1.4. Offer Actionable SuggestionsConstructive feedback should always include specific, actionable suggestions for improvement. Telling someone they need to “do better” is not helpful unless you provide clear steps for how they can improve. For example, instead of saying, “Your emails are too confusing,” offer a solution: “I recommend breaking your emails into shorter paragraphs and using bullet points to make them easier to follow.”By offering solutions, you turn feedback into an opportunity for growth. 1.5. Maintain a Balanced PerspectiveIt’s essential to strike a balance between positive and constructive feedback. Constantly pointing out areas for improvement without acknowledging what’s being done well can leave employees feeling demotivated. On the other hand, only offering praise without addressing weaknesses can prevent employees from realizing their full potential.By maintaining a balance, you can create a culture where feedback is expected, welcomed, and seen as a way to enhance both individual and team performance. <h3>2. Strategies for Receiving Constructive Feedback</h3>Receiving feedback can be challenging, especially when it’s about areas that need improvement. However, approaching feedback with an open mind can help you grow both personally and professionally. 2.1. Adopt a Growth MindsetA growth mindset means viewing challenges and feedback as opportunities for development. When you receive constructive feedback, try to see it as a tool for growth rather than criticism. Acknowledge that no one is perfect, and everyone has areas where they can improve.Instead of thinking, “I’m not good at this,” shift your mindset to, “I’m working on improving this skill.” 2.2. Listen ActivelyWhen receiving feedback, it’s essential to listen actively and avoid interrupting. Even if the feedback feels uncomfortable, allow the other person to finish speaking before responding. Show that you’re listening by nodding or using phrases like “I understand” or “Thank you for the feedback.”By actively listening, you demonstrate that you’re taking the feedback seriously and are open to making changes. 2.3. Ask for ClarificationIf the feedback you receive is unclear or too vague, don’t hesitate to ask for clarification. Asking questions shows that you’re engaged and eager to understand how you can improve. You might say, “Can you give me an example of when this happened?” or “What would you recommend I do differently in this situation?”Clarifying feedback helps ensure that you fully understand the issue and can take actionable steps to address it. 2.4. Stay Calm and Manage EmotionsReceiving constructive feedback, especially if it’s about something important to you, can trigger emotional reactions like frustration or defensiveness. It’s important to stay calm and manage your emotions during the feedback process. If you feel upset, take a deep breath, and focus on the content of the feedback rather than how it’s making you feel.You might also take a moment after receiving feedback to process it privately before responding. This helps ensure that your response is measured and thoughtful. 2.5. Take Ownership of Your DevelopmentUltimately, feedback is a tool for your development, and it’s up to you to decide how to use it. Once you’ve received constructive feedback, reflect on it and create a plan to address the areas for improvement. Taking ownership of your growth shows that you’re proactive and committed to personal development.For example, if you’ve been told that your communication style needs improvement, you could take a course in business communication or work with a mentor to enhance your skills. <h3>3. Creating a Feedback Culture in the Workplace</h3>To make feedback more effective and less daunting, organizations should strive to create a culture where feedback is expected and embraced by all employees. This involves normalizing feedback as a part of everyday communication rather than reserving it for formal reviews or when problems arise. 3.1. Encourage Regular FeedbackEncourage both managers and employees to give and seek feedback regularly. The more often feedback is exchanged, the more comfortable everyone becomes with the process. Regular feedback prevents issues from escalating and promotes continuous improvement.You can introduce feedback opportunities through regular one-on-one meetings, team debriefs, or informal conversations. Creating regular channels for feedback also helps employees feel supported in their growth. 3.2. Model Positive Feedback BehaviorLeaders play a key role in modeling positive feedback behavior. When managers give constructive feedback with empathy and clarity, employees are more likely to adopt similar practices. Additionally, when managers receive feedback with openness and humility, they set an example for the rest of the organization. 3.3. Train Employees in Feedback SkillsProviding feedback effectively is a skill that can be developed. Organizations can invest in training programs that teach employees how to give and receive feedback in a constructive way. This training can cover topics such as communication techniques, emotional intelligence, and handling difficult conversations.By providing employees with the right tools, you create a more confident and effective workforce that thrives on continuous feedback and improvement. Giving and receiving constructive feedback is a crucial skill in the workplace, one that fosters growth, improves performance, and strengthens relationships. For feedback to be truly effective, it needs to be specific, actionable, and delivered with empathy. On the receiving end, it’s equally important to approach feedback with an open mind, listen actively, and take ownership of your development. By incorporating these strategies into your daily work life, you can create a positive feedback culture where everyone is empowered to grow and succeed. Feedback is not about pointing out faults—it's about creating opportunities for improvement and achieving greater success together. What’s one piece of constructive feedback you’ve received that helped you grow in your career?

How to Give and Receive Constructive Feedback: Strategies for Success in the Workplace

If you want to express yourself naturally in Italian, mastering the Periodo Ipotetico—or Conditional Sentence—is a must.

Did you know that Italian has three types of conditional sentences—just like in English?&nbsp;If you want to express yourself naturally in Italian, mastering the Periodo Ipotetico—or&nbsp;Conditional Sentence—is a must. Italians use these structures all the time, whether they are&nbsp;talking about possibilities, hypothetical situations, or even regrets about the past. Think about how often you say things like, ‘If I have time, I will call you’, or ‘If I were you, I&nbsp;wouldn’t do that’. These types of sentences are just as common in Italian, and learning to&nbsp;use them correctly will instantly make you sound more fluent and confident. In this article, I will guide you through how to form and use them correctly, so you can gain&nbsp;confidence in your Italian.&nbsp;Ready to dive in? Let’s get started!&nbsp; <h3>What is the Periodo Ipotetico?&nbsp;</h3>The Periodo Ipotetico is the Italian way of expressing conditional sentences—situations that&nbsp;depend on specific conditions. In Italian, these often start with se (if).&nbsp;Although these conditionals are similar to their English counterparts, there are some key&nbsp;differences in how they are formed and used. Understanding these differences will help you&nbsp;avoid common mistakes and make your Italian sound more natural.&nbsp;Just like in English, there are three main types: Type 1. Periodo Ipotetico della Realtà (First Conditional) – Used for real and possible&nbsp;situations.&nbsp;This type expresses situations that are likely or possible.&nbsp; Structure:&nbsp;Se (if) + Present Indicative, + Future Indicative/Present Indicative/Imperative e.g.:&nbsp;• Se studi, supererai l’esame. (If you study, you will pass the exam.)&nbsp;• Se piove, porto l’ombrello. (If it rains, I will take my umbrella.)&nbsp;• Se hai fame, mangia qualcosa! (If you are hungry, eat something!)&nbsp; Type 2. Periodo Ipotetico della Possibilità (Second Conditional) – Used for hypothetical or&nbsp;unlikely situations.&nbsp;This type expresses situations that are unlikely but still possible.&nbsp; Structure:&nbsp;Se (if) + Imperfect Subjunctive, + Conditional Present&nbsp;e.g.:&nbsp;• Se avessi più tempo, viaggerei di più. (If I had more time, I would travel more.) • Se fossi ricco, comprerei una villa in Toscana. (If I were rich, I would buy a villa in&nbsp;Tuscany.) - (Ed.: I wish!)&nbsp;• Se vivessi in Sicilia, andrei sempre al mare. (If I lived in Sicily, I would always go to&nbsp;the beach.)&nbsp; Type 3. Periodo Ipotetico dell’Impossibilità (Third Conditional) – Used for regrets and&nbsp;impossible situations in the past.&nbsp;This type expresses situations that are impossible because they refer to the past or unreal&nbsp;conditions.&nbsp; Structure:&nbsp;Se (if) + Pluperfect Subjunctive, + Conditional Past&nbsp;e.g.:• Se avessi studiato di più, avrei superato l’esame. (If I had studied more, I would&nbsp;have passed the esam.)&nbsp;• Se fossi arrivato in tempo, avrei preso il treno. (If I had arrived on time, I would&nbsp;have caught the train.)&nbsp;• Se avessi letto il messaggio, sarei venuto a prenderti. (If I had read your message,&nbsp;I would have come to pick you up.)&nbsp; <h3>Why is the Periodo Ipotetico so important?&nbsp;</h3>The Periodo Ipotetico is a fundamental part of the Italian language, allowing you to express&nbsp;possibility, uncertainty, hypothetical situations, and even regrets. Without a solid grasp of&nbsp;conditionals, your ability to communicate complex thoughts and ideas in Italian would be&nbsp;limited.&nbsp; Understanding these structures enables you to speculate about the future, discuss what&nbsp;could or might happen, and reflect on past events that didn’t go as planned. Conditionals&nbsp;are essential in daily conversations, storytelling, negotiations, and even polite requests. Moreover, while the Italian periodo ipotetico has similarities to English conditionals, there&nbsp;are key differences in structure and usage that often confuse learners. Mastering these&nbsp;nuances will not only help you avoid common mistakes but also make your speech more&nbsp;fluid, precise, and natural.&nbsp; Whether you're engaging in casual conversation, writing a formal letter, or expressing&nbsp;wishes and regrets, knowing how to use conditionals correctly will greatly enhance your&nbsp;confidence and fluency in Italian.&nbsp;&nbsp; Here are a few more examples to illustrate their power:&nbsp;• First Conditional (Real Situations) - Used for situations that are likely to happen&nbsp;in the present or future.&nbsp;Se ti alleni subito dopo mangiato, ti sentirai male. (If you work out after lunch,&nbsp;you will feel sick.)• Second Conditional (Hypothetical Situations) - Used for events that are&nbsp;unlikely or imaginary.&nbsp;Se fossi un attore famoso, vivrei a Hollywood. (If I were a famous actor, I would&nbsp;live in Hollywood.)&nbsp;• Third Conditional (Past Regrets and Hypotheticals) - Used to talk about past&nbsp;situations that can no longer change.&nbsp;Se avessi ascoltato i suoi consigli, non avrei commesso quell’errore. (If I had&nbsp;listened to his advice, I wouldn’t have made that mistake.)&nbsp; Ok, now that we have learned the rules, let me give you a Bonus Tip.&nbsp;Remember: Don’t use "che" instead of "se"!&nbsp;Indeed, the Italian Periodo Ipotetico is always introduced by se.&nbsp;But it may happen for you to hear Italian omit the se in informal speech, especially for Type&nbsp;1 sentences, to sound more natural.&nbsp;e.g.:&nbsp;• Piove, porto l’ombrello.&nbsp;It is not mandatory, but it is a fun trick to sound like a native.&nbsp; That is all for today!&nbsp;I hope this article has clarified some of the mysteries of the Periodo Ipotetico for you.&nbsp;Of course, if you have any questions or other topics you would like me to cover, let me&nbsp;know in the comments below.&nbsp;&nbsp;Thank you reading this article!&nbsp;If you want to learn more about me, feel free to check out my profile.&nbsp;Ciao!&nbsp;

The Italian Periodo Ipotetico

Let’s explore the idioms and vocabulary words for an iconic American subject: the automobile.

Idiomatic expressions are an important part of communicating in English. What’s more, they often give us cultural insight. Let’s explore the idioms and vocabulary words for an iconic American subject: the automobile.&nbsp;&nbsp; Driving is as American as watching baseball or eating apple pie, so hop in as we put the pedal to the metal while learning these ten classic American English idioms about cars.&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;<h3>Hop in</h3> Americans commonly use the idiom when picking up friends or family from work or school. It is used to express that someone should get inside the car. Here’s an example of how to use it: Driver:&nbsp;Hey buddy, hop in the car! I’ll give you a ride to your house!Friend:&nbsp;Sure! Let’s go! <h3>On the road</h3> The idiom is about the sense of being away from home during a long journey. Whether you are a traveling salesman, truck driver, musician, or even a family, many people love the experience of being on the road! Let’s read an example: I have two business trips coming up this month. I will be on the road a lot! <h3>Hit the road</h3> This common idiom, Hit the road, is said when it’s time to leave or go. Here is an example: It’s already 8 o’clock, so let’s hit the road now, or we’ll be late for work! <h3>Gas Guzzler</h3> It’s very common for Americans to drive big cars or trucks that consume lots of gasoline. Sometimes drivers in the United States call them gas guzzlers because they consume so much fuel! Here’s an example of how to use it: I want to sell my SUV, but nobody wants to buy a gas guzzler when gas is so expensive! <h3>To Cruise</h3> Cruising is a beloved part of American car culture. To Cruise is the action or event of driving a car up and down a street for fun. Cruising has been a classic part of American culture since the 1950s. Here is an example in a sentence: My friends and I will cruise along Main Street on Friday night! Everybody is going to be there! <h3>The Drive-In</h3> Hollywood, hamburgers, and big cars are all huge parts of American culture. It comes as no surprise, then, that they combined in the 1950s to bring the country drive in movie theaters and drive in restaurants. Here’s an example of it’s used: Husband: Hey, honey. What do you want to do on Friday night?Wife: I want to go to a movie at the drive-in. We can watch from my car! <h3>Put the Pedal to the Metal</h3> Some like to drive fast or do things quickly! To put the pedal to the metal means to push the accelerator of the car all the way to the floor. That will make your car go fast. It might cause your tires to spin and smoke too! Here’s an example of this idiom in use: Friend 1:&nbsp;Hey, pal it looks like we need to be at work soon and we will be late! Friend 2:&nbsp;If we hurry, we can arrive on time. Let’s put the pedal to the metal!&nbsp;<h3>Beater</h3> Having a car represents freedom and the ability to move when and where we want, but sometimes just any car won’t do. A beater is a car that is in very bad condition.&nbsp;Let’s look at an example:	 Salesman: Do you want a cheap car? Here’s one. Customer: Yes, I do, but this car is dirty and rusty. I don’t want to drive a beater! <h3>Shift gears</h3>	When driving a car we must change gears, or shift gears, to go significantly faster or slower. We also use this expression as an idiom to change from one topic to another. This idiom is very common and helpful in business presentations because it tells the listener that one subject will end and another will begin.&nbsp;Take this sentence for example:&nbsp;We already talked about company sales. Now, let’s shift gears to talk about customer service. <h3>Backseat driver</h3> Some people want to be in control of situations and give advice often. Sometimes their advice is unwanted. We call these people backseat drivers. &nbsp;Let’s read an example: Friend: Slow down! You are driving too fast.Driver: Don’t worry! I am driving the car. Stop being a backseat driver! The American Idioms at The Finish Line: Those ten examples are American idioms because of their ties to American car culture. As you can see, they express love for hopping in a car and hitting the road. It’s all about going on the road, exploring and enjoying life in your own gas guzzler or beater. Be sure to bring these idioms with you on your journey to learn English!

10 American Car Idioms You Should Know

If listening in English feels frustrating, don’t worry. This article will explain why and introduce practical strategies to help you understand spoken English more easily.

<h3>The Hidden Challenge of Listening in English</h3>Imagine sitting in a room full of native English speakers. Words flow effortlessly between them, but to you, they feel like a blur—too fast, too unpredictable, too difficult to catch. You’ve practiced listening for hours, yet you still struggle to understand.Sound familiar? Contrary to popular belief, improving listening skills isn’t just about listening more. Many learners assume that consuming hours of English audio will naturally lead to improvement. However, listening is not a passive skill—it’s an active cognitive process that involves memory, prediction, and sound recognition. Psychological barriers, working memory limitations, and unfamiliar sound patterns all contribute to the struggle.If listening in English feels frustrating, don’t worry. This article will explain why and introduce practical strategies to help you understand spoken English more easily. <h3>Why Listening in English is So Hard</h3>1. Cognitive OverloadListening in a second language is mentally demanding. Unlike reading, where you can slow down or re-read a sentence, spoken words disappear as soon as they are spoken. Your brain must process sounds, extract meaning, and hold information in memory—all at the same time. When cognitive load is too high, your brain struggles to keep up. If you’re translating in your head or processing unfamiliar words, you may miss what comes next. What to Do Instead:- Break it into chunks. Listen to shorter sections and focus on understanding key ideas before moving on.-Listen multiple times. The first time, get the main idea. The second time, listen for details.-Take notes. Jotting down keywords while listening can help you track information and reduce memory overload. 2. Fast Speech and Sound ChangesNative speakers don’t pronounce words separately. They use connected speech, where sounds blend together:-"What do you want to do?" → "Whaddaya wanna do?"-"Did you see him?" → "Didja see ‘im?" If you expect words to sound like they do in textbooks, fast speech will feel overwhelming. What to Do Instead:-Practice recognizing reductions. Listen for common phrases and contractions like "gonna," "wanna," or "lemme."-Use the shadowing technique. Listen to a sentence and repeat it immediately after the speaker. This helps train your brain to recognize natural speech patterns.-Slow it down first. Use slowed-down audio, then gradually increase speed as you improve. <h3>Psychological Barriers: How Anxiety Blocks Listening</h3>1. Fear of Missing WordsMany learners panic when they don’t understand a word, which distracts them from the rest of the conversation. This cycle of stress makes comprehension even harder. 2. Low ConfidenceIf you believe you’re bad at listening, you may not even try to infer meaning. Instead, you freeze, waiting for words to make sense, which causes you to fall further behind. What to Do Instead:-Accept that you won’t catch every word. Focus on the overall meaning instead of every detail.-Predict before you listen. Before playing audio, think about what might be said based on context.-Listen to topics you enjoy. Engaging content keeps your brain focused and motivated. <h3>Why English Sounds So Different</h3>1. Unfamiliar SoundsSome English sounds don’t exist in other languages, making them hard to recognize. For example:-Japanese learners may struggle with r vs. l.-Spanish speakers may not hear the difference between ship and sheep.-Many learners don’t recognize English th sounds. 2. Stress and RhythmEnglish is stress-timed, meaning some syllables are emphasized while others are reduced. In contrast, languages like Spanish or Mandarin are syllable-timed, where every syllable has equal weight.-"I’m going to the store." → "I’m GOIN’ to the STORE."-Unstressed words (like to the) are weakened, making them harder to catch. What to Do Instead:-Train with minimal pairs. Listen to words that differ by one sound (e.g., bit vs. beat).-Use phonetic awareness exercises. Learn how sounds change in fast speech (e.g., “gonna” instead of “going to”).-Mimic native speakers. Repeat sentences with correct stress and rhythm to develop a natural feel for English. <h3>How to Train Your Brain to Listen Like a Native Speaker</h3>1. Visualization: Make a Mental MoviePicture what’s happening while you listen. This reduces memory load by linking words to images. 2. Predict What Comes NextBefore playing a recording, think about what might be said. This helps your brain actively engage with the material. 3. Multisensory Learning: Use More Than Your Ears-Listen and read: Follow along with subtitles, then listen again without them.-Listen and write: Try transcribing short clips.-Listen and speak: Repeat what you hear to improve both pronunciation and comprehension.<h3> </h3><h3>Final Thoughts: Listening is an Active Skill</h3>The next time someone tells you to "just listen more," remember: listening is an active process, not passive exposure. By training your working memory, confidence, and phonological awareness, you’ll start to understand English more naturally—without needing subtitles or rewinding constantly.<h2> </h2><h3>Your Challenge:</h3>Try one of the techniques from this article for a week. Whether it’s shadowing, visualization, or predictive listening, see how it changes your comprehension.What’s the hardest part of listening for you? Share your experience in the comments! <h3>Glossary</h3>-Cognitive load – The amount of mental effort required to process information.-Connected speech – The way native speakers link words together in natural conversation.-Contractions – Shortened forms of words or phrases, like "gonna" instead of "going to."-Infer – To guess or understand something based on clues instead of direct statements.-Minimal pairs – Words that differ by only one sound, such as "bit" and "beat."-Phonetic awareness – The ability to recognize and understand sounds in speech.-Shadowing technique – A practice where you repeat what you hear as quickly as possible to improve listening and pronunciation.-Stress-timed language – A language where some syllables are emphasized more than others, like English.

Why English Learners Struggle with Listening (and What to Do Instead)

Street food is a huge part of Chinese culture, and it’s also a fun way to practice your Chinese while enjoying some mouthwatering snacks.

As a Chinese person who is absolutely obsessed with food, I can tell you—Chinese street food is definitely an adventure for your taste buds! Wherever you are in China, there’s no shortage of delicious treats to try. Street food is a huge part of Chinese culture, and it’s also a fun way to practice your Chinese while enjoying some mouthwatering snacks. Let’s go on a little tour of some of the most popular Chinese street foods and learn some Chinese phrases along the way. 1. Jiānbǐng (煎饼) – My Number #1&nbsp;煎饼 (jiānbǐng) literally means “fried pancake,” but trust me, it’s much more than that! It’s a savory, crispy crepe-like dish that’s usually filled with eggs, scallions, crispy wonton skin, and sometimes a little sausage or other fillings. It’s cooked right in front of you on a hot griddle, and every time I watch it being made, I am amazed by how all the ingredients come together. The hot griddle creates a perfect crispy edge, while the egg adds a rich, savory flavor. Every bite is a delightful blend of textures and flavors—from the crispiness of the outer layer to the soft, savory fillings inside. Useful phrases for ordering:<ul><li>我要一个煎饼 (wǒ yào yī gè jiānbǐng) – I want one jianbing.</li><li>加辣 (jiā là) – Add chili/spicy.</li><li>不加葱 (bù jiā cōng) – No scallions, please.</li></ul>You can usually find 煎饼 (jiānbǐng) at any food courts or night markets. It’s the perfect go-to snack after the gym or after a long day. Definitely my #1!&nbsp; 2. Stinky Tofu (臭豆腐) – A Classic Love-It-or-Hate-It ExperienceOkay, I’ll be honest here: stinky tofu (臭豆腐, chòu dòufu) is an acquired taste. It’s not really my thing, but over the years, I’ve come to appreciate this classic snack more. Its name comes from its unmistakable smell—some say it smells like rotten cheese or dirty socks! The strong odor comes from the fermentation process, where tofu is soaked in a brine made from fermented vegetables, which gives it that pungent, stinky aroma. But the taste? Well, it’s crispy on the outside, soft and chewy on the inside, and quite delicious when served with a spicy dipping sauce. Yes, so definitely get the spicy sauce. Useful phrases for ordering:<ul><li>我要一份臭豆腐 (wǒ yào yī fèn chòu dòufu) – I want an order of stinky tofu.</li><li>加辣酱 (jiā là jiàng) – Add spicy sauce.</li></ul>I think everyone should try stinky tofu once. It’s a bold and uniquely Chinese experience! You will find it at most food courts and night markets.&nbsp; 3. Bubble Tea (珍珠奶茶) – The Trendy Drink from Taiwan That I Grew Up WithBubble tea (珍珠奶茶, zhēnzhū nǎichá) first became popular in my childhood, and has now taken the world by storm. You can get bubble tea with black tea, green tea, oolong, or even fruit-flavored bases, and it’s often mixed with milk, sugar, and of course, those tapioca pearls. In China, we are obsessed with tea, so during those sleepy afternoons in the office, you might find people ordering bubble tea instead of coffee.&nbsp; Useful phrases for ordering:<ul><li>我要一杯珍珠奶茶 (wǒ yào yī bēi zhēnzhū nǎichá) – I want a cup of bubble tea.</li><li>少糖 (shǎo táng) – Less sugar, please.</li><li>去冰 (qù bīng) – No ice.</li></ul>Bubble tea isn’t just a drink; it’s a little moment of happiness in a cup. Whether it’s to refresh yourself during a hot summer day or to just indulge in a sweet treat, it’s a perfect companion for any time of the day. It’s also everywhere in China.&nbsp; Wrapping Up Our Street Food AdventureSo, which snack would you like to try first? If you live in China, these street foods are widely available, but don’t worry if you’re not there yet—many of these delicious treats have made their way to international cities around the world. Whether you’re grabbing bubble tea at a local café or seeking out a food market with jiānbǐng, you can experience a taste of China no matter where you are. As you explore these tasty snacks, why not practice some Chinese phrases along the way? Ordering in Chinese, reading menus, or chatting with friends about food is a fun and interactive way to improve your language skills. Keep practicing, keep exploring, and happy eating!&nbsp;

A Guide to Mouthwatering Chinese Street Food and How to Order It in Chinese

Choose the correct meaning of the word "abundant":

A) Rare and difficult to find  
B) Present in large quantities  
C) Limited or restricted  
D) Not useful or important

Mona and I discuss my theory that students of ANY language should read Haruki Murakami's novels.

Starting at 17:26, I explain the following vocabulary from the episode:

to get a feel for (something)
on the one hand; on the other hand
down to earth

What's the correct pronunciation for "dough"?  🍞